Transmission



Dec, 18, N23.

v. R. CARTER TRANSMISSION File N 18, 2.5321 22 Sheeis- Sheet X VAN ROY CA3TER, OF LDS AEJGELIES, CELLIFGBNIA.

TRANSMISSION.

Application filed November 18, 1921.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, VAN Roy CARTER, a citizen of the United States, residing or. Los Angeles, in the county of Los Angeles and State of California, have invented new and useful Improvements in Transmissions, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to variable speed transmissions more particularly adapted, although not necessarily, to the drivingmechanism of motor vehices.

A purpose oi my invention is the provision of e irensniission which utilizes :1 liquid to effect an operative connection he tween :1 driving element and a driven element, and in, such manner that the speed with which the driven element rotated can be varied as desired.

In carrying out my invention, 1 provide a irz'snsmission embodying pisious movable in cylinders for on foiivel v cohuecliug a driving shaft to a driven shell, with the eyliniilers rotatable in on filled casing and the par age of oil in and out of the cylinders being control ed ov a niniuiellv operable valve whereby the resistance oiifered by the oil to lzhe one eon he v1- ried to illli'l'-9"*"i3 or decree 2 the speed with which the driven shaft is rotated.

i will desrrihe or 2 form of l-rnnsniission embodying my invention, and w l (hen point out the novel features hereof in claims.

In the eeeoi'iuw ngr rhnwings:

Figure l is u v showing in side elevation one form of trnnsniissimi enihodvin my invention 2 is e seelional view of lhetrnus mission shov-r in l ig. l, with vermin pin-ls thereof hronen away.

Fig. 3 is a vertical .;erlioi iui view i:.he'n on the line 3 oi Fl 2.

.lfig. a detail new showing in side elevation themsiur; comprised in the transmission shown in the precedingviews.

Similar reference characters lo siminr parts in each of he severa views.

Referring;- specifically lo the drawings. my invention. in its present- ,euihodinient. comprises a housing H. of annular iorni having axial openings at the op; site sides thereof bordered by flanges and 16 for receiving lin s 1? eonst-ruetei l to provide raceways for hall bearings 18. Extending Serial No. 516,077.

into the openings of the housing is a sleeve 19 which slidahly receives a driving shaft 20 which is rotatable therewith through Inecliun'i of a key 21. slidahly fitted in a. suitable grooi 'e formed in the shaft 20. At the opposite side :1 driven shale extends into the housing, this shaft beingadapted for conneccion to the rear axle or a motor vehicle while the shaft 21') constitutes an extension of the crank shaft oi the motor. It will he undersrood that the hell bearings 18 are designed for rotzitnhly supporting the confronting ends of a sleeve shaft 19 and the driven shalt within The housing ll.

As illustrated to advantage in :2, a casing- K is inounled within ehe housing for relational lllOTQlll lli. upon the sleeve 15 through the medium of a 'uh portion 23 which is horeo 0 receive a reduced extension 24% of the Shift 'lhe huh portion .23 extends axially from one side of 21 central 'mrtilion 25-, this partition being formed with an annular ilzm 'e hzzvinq en annular liunge EZG'provided wiih an internal ring gear 527 which is arranged to iesh wilh n toothed gear 28. {he hi sttuiingr a. gem and being llll lw ilnlj/ lllOlll upon :1 sluh shall. 29 supporlir l within 'ihe housing. fit the oppol e of 'ihe purlilion 25, the rasiiu; is rnied with n. plurnlii'y of cylinders 30 och of which sl ihlv receives n piston 31. .uee l have shown only hr e ylinders :iud eorrespoiulinn runn- 101 of pistons, hut ii? is in he understood lion; YfiliOllS numbers of ey ind rs and pision." can he used.

lhe piston reds oi' ihe is .2 iii are pivoi'nlly connected in the pistons iii; one end and eonnecied I'e eusions F53 l'oriued on a rinse 3-,, he in er being rol'utuhly 'uouui'ed on. :1 311'! 34. formed on the shaft is illustrated in radvnutno'e in Fig. -3, two oi the pislon rods are pivolziily con nwlcd to (he col-res winding esi'iensious 33, while the lhird rod rh idijv i-fmnccled to the rxh nsion. 2 :is indicated hit 35. The mini is ercentriczilly positioned on lhe lhel' it. wi l he evident that upon n of lhe easi L lit, reciprocating more! enloi the niizlons within the cylinders is ezieeied tlin'ough she nntediiun of the ring Bel.

are shown in f3, frhet end or" the sleeve shaft 19 extending into the casing ,K is pro vided with an external ring gear 37 which is adapted to mesh with internal ring gear 38 formed integrally with or fixed to the partition 25. As previously described, the

. sleeve shaft 19 is movable longitudinally on the driving shaft 20, and by virtue of this movement it is possible to shift the shaft so as to cause the gearBT to engage either the gear 38 or the gear 28. The gear 38 constitutes the forward gear or that gear.

which effects a forward movement of the motor-vehicle. To effect this movement of the shaft 19, a groove collar 39 is formed on the shaft and isadapted to be engaged by a fork 40 formed on the lower end of a gear shifting lever 41 fulcrumed at the point 42 on an arm 43 bo ted to the housing H.

As clearly shown in Figs. 3 and i, the outer ends of the cylinder 30 are open for the purpose of admitting a fluid, such as oil, or the like, into the cylinders to oppose the reciprocating movement of the pistons 31. The housing H is adapted to be filled with oil or any other suitable fluid, the passage of oil into and out of the cylinders being controlled by a sleeve valve 44, which as shown in Fig. 2 encompasses the housing so that it is capable of simul taneously opening enclosing all of the cylinders. As valve M is slidably mounted upon the casing K and is adapted to be manually moved to open or close the cylinders by the mechanism shown in Fig. 1 which, in the present instance, comprises a bar 45 slidable through the housing H having an extension elti engaging in an annular groove formed in the valve 4 1. Connected to the bar 45 is an operating lever 16 which because of its function is termed a speed control lever. At the forward end of the bar 45 a link 47 is connected, this link being formed with a slot 48 which is adapted to work a pin 49 carried by an arm 50 which is pivotally connected at its upper end to a link 51. The forward end of the link 51 is pivotally connected to a foot pedal 52 mounted to swing about an axle 53 and connected to the lower end of the arm 50 to a coiled contractile spring 54.

From the foregoing construction it will be seen that actuation of the valve 44 can be effected through movement of the speed control lever 46 of the pedal 52, the latter being designed for moving the valve to open position or to such a position where in the outerends of the cylinders are fully exposed. ll e spring 54 functions to normally maintain the pedal in the vertical position shown in Fig. 1, so that by forward movement of the upper end of the pedal effects a" forward movement of the pin 49, so that wherrjhe latter engages the end of the slot 48, the members 45-47 will be advanced to move the valve to open position.

The operation of the transmission is as follows:

With rotation of the driving shaft 20, the sleeve shaft 19 is likewise rotated, and when the sleeve is in the position shown in Fig. 2, rotation of the casing K is effected through the medium of the intermeshing gears 37 and 38. With the casing K rotating, it will be clear that the cylinders 30 describe a circular path, and under the action of the cam 34, the pistons 31 are caused to be reciprocated within the cylinders. position so that the outer ends of the cylinders are completely closed; the oil trapped within the cylinders resists the reciprocating movement of the latterso that motion is imparted to the shaft 22 from the shaft 20. However, when the valve 44 is moved to open or partially open position, the oil is allowed to circulate into and outiof the cylinders thus allowing of the reciprocating movement of the pistons. It will be understood that when the valve is in fully open position the resistance offered by the oil is practically nil. so that the pistons are free to move within the cylinders thereby imparting no movement to the shaft 22.

In this operation it will be clear that with the valve 44 in completely open position-no motion is im arted to the driven shaft 22, but that as t e valve is moved to closed position an operative connection is established between the driving shaft 20 and the driven shaft 22, the rotational speed of the latter increasing until it reaches the maximum or the same speed as the shaft 20 when the valve is in completely closed position. It will thus be seen that any rotational speed may be imparted to the driven shaft 22 depending upon the position of the valve 44, so .that after the gear 37 is in mesh with the gear 38 the forward movement of the vehicle can be controlled through the medium of the valve.

\Vhen it is desired to reverse the rotation of the shaft 22 in effecting a rearward movement of the vehicle, the sleeve shaft 19 is moved forwardly by the manipulation of the lever 41 until the gear 37 meshes with the gear 28 thereby effecting a reverse rotation of the casing K. In this position of the .gcar 37 it will be clear that the valve 14 can again be operated to control the rotational speed of the shaft 22 in the reverse direction. By moving the gear 37 to neutral position wherein it is out of mesh with the gears 38-28, the driven shaft-22 is completely disconnected from the driving shaft 20.

Although I have herein shown and described only one form of transmission em- When the valve 44 is in closed mon to all of said members for controlling the circulation of fluid into and out of the casing whereby the rotational speed of the driven shaft is varied.

2. A transmission comprising driving and driven shafts, a housing adapted to contain a fluid, a casing rotatable within the housing, cylinders carried by the casing and having ope-n outer ends, pistons movable within the cylinders, means on the driven shaft for reciprocating the pistons when the *asing is rotated, and a sleeve valve slidable on the casing for controlling the open ends of all of sald cylinders for the purpose described. 3. A transmission comprising driving and driven shafts, a. housing, a casing rotatable within the housing; gears carried by the casing, a gear mounted on the housing and engageable with one of the first mentioned ears, a gear movably mounted on the drivmg shaft and rotatable therewith to engage oneof the casing gears or v the second mentioned gear, members carried by the casing and adapted to be moved upon rotation of the casing for effecting the circulation of a fluid through the casing, and manually operable means for controlling the circulation of fluid through said casing.

4. A t-ransn'iission comprising driving and driven shafts arranged in alinement, a hous ing receiving the confronting ends of the shafts. a sleeve shaft slidable on the driving shaft and rotatable thereivitln-a casing rotatably mounted on the sleeve shaft, gears carried by the casing, a gearmounted in the housing and engageable with one of the gears, a gear -arricd by thesleeve shaft. and adapted to engage one of the casing gears and a second mentioned gear, cylinders formed in the casing and arranged radially of the axis thereof, a cam eccentrically mounted on the driven shaft, pistons movable within said cylinders and operatively connected to said cam, and a sleeve valve surrounding the casing and movable to open or close the ends of said cylinders.

A transmission comprising drivin'g and driven shafts arranged in alinement, a housing receiving the confronting ends of the shafts, a sleeve shaft slidablr on the driving shaft and rotatable therewith, a casing rotatably mounted on the sleeve shaft, gears carried by the casing, a ear mounted in the housing and cngageable with one of the gears, a gear carried by the sleeve shaft and adapted to engage one of the casing gears and a second mentioned gear, cylin dcrs formed in the casing and aranged radially of the axis thereof, a cam ecccntrically mounted on the driven shaft, pistons movable within said cylinders and operatively connected to said cams, a sleeve valve surrounding the casing and movable to open or close the ends of said cylinders, and means for moving said valve including a pedal urged to one position and adapted to be moved to another position for moving said valve to open position.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

VAN ROY CARTER. 

